The move will provide the attacker, who has been with the Lions since the age of 8, with regular match minutes with the Cards.
It will be the 20-year-old's second short-term stint away from The Den, following a month`s spell with Woking`s league rivals Bromley in 2016.
Woking manager Anthony Limbrick said: “Jamie was with us at the start of pre-season and impressed us during that time, but was then recalled to the first team at Millwall. Once he became available again we knew he would be the right fit for us with his clever movement in and around the box.”
Philpot commented: “My strengths as a player are scoring goals, linking up well, hard work, and pressing. I think I can bring that to the team as well, the pressing side, and once one person scores it makes it a lot easier for everyone else to score as there’s less pressure”.