Bartlett, 31, has signed a contract until the summer of 2019 and will go straight into City`s squad for Saturday's game at Alfreton Town.
Manager Martin Gray worked previously with Bartlett at Darlington and is a big admirer of the England C international, whose previous clubs include Blyth Spartans, Kidderminster Harriers, Hereford United, Gateshead, and Hartlepool United.
Sporting director Dave Penney told the club`s press officer Ian Appleyard: "We have been looking around for a goalkeeper and, deep down, Martin always wanted Adam. He has worked with him before, he has great respect for him, and he trusts him."
Penney also thanked chairman Jason McGill for funding the deal, saying: "Adam doesn't come free - we have had to pay a transfer fee - but the chairman has once again backed the manager and we are delighted to bring him in."
Bartlett said: "When the opportunity arose to work with Martin Gray again, I jumped at it. I think he's going to bring success to York City and the fact that he wants me to be a part of it is great.
"I am looking forward to the challenge ahead," Bartlett added. "Hopefully, with a little bit of luck and some good performances along the way, we will be where we want to be at the end of the season".